Origin of Conflict Amongst the US and Iraq Essay

Starting point of Conflict Amongst the US and Iraq - Essay Example 10). Islam begins from Saudi Arabia and is seen as replacement religion to Christianity; since it secures a mass of Christian and Jewish convictions, while simultaneously expanding on a few convictions. These religions faith in prophets of God like Abraham and Jesus being bearers of new messages that adjustment in convictions, albeit just Muslims confidence in Muhammad similar to the last prophet; a conviction that isn't grasped by different religions (Keegan 2004, p. 35). Islam grew bit by bit, particularly in the fifteenth century everywhere throughout the world, particularly in the Middle East, Africa and some European nations. This huge scope of Islam was managed by pioneers, caliphs, who collected religion and city administration. This affiliation conflicts with the American conviction of legitimate administration, which suggests that religion and government are clearly contrasting social exercises and that the legislature is confined from demonstrating backing to a specific rel igion. The Islamic realm developed definitely which prompted various segments of the Islamic domain began breaking into clashing splinter bunches because of expanded riches, just as an assortment of premiums and customs. The focal piece of the Islamic realm that is arranged in parts of Turkey, Iran and Iraq, transversed by global travel streets from and to China, India and different pieces of the Orient (Cashman 2007, p. 48). As envisioned, clash happened given that the Middle East, which is as of now alluded to as Israel, was where Christianity, Islam and Judaism began. Subsequently, there were military undertakings alluded to as Crusades, trying to recover the Christian Holy Land from Muslims, which made a square of threatening vibe, enmity, danger and dread among the Islamic East and Christian West. Aside from that, progression to Islam’s authority was the primary reason for strife among Muslims; with the principle split among Sunnis and Shiites, regarding who was the veri table replacement of Muhammad (Hess 2009, p.76). Exchange ROUTES During the Industrial Revolution, the West grew progressively particularly in riches, physical assets, fitness as abilities, just as military experience and influence, in contrast to the Islamic regions. Subsequently, the West tied down progressively provincial realms by being threatening to nations that impact its exchange courses, which by and large were Islamic. They did this by assuming responsibility for nations, or part of nations, and forcing on them decides that were disadvantageous and mortifying to Islamic individuals and their nations, while, then again, those guidelines were worthwhile toward the West (Hiro 2009, p.100) While bringing change, both the British and French were basically worried about the momentary additions they would accomplish by parting the domain into free countries, instead of the drawn out development of these areas. The British built up and executed their ideal government in a spot tha t is as of now Iraq, which was seen as inadmissible by the indigenous prompting the disobedience that delayed for a considerable length of time, offering ascend to the ascent of Baath Party that in the long run procured control of Iraq, just as the ascent of Saddam Hussein. Aside from that, this spot, which is right now Israel, was set up in a way that gave British power over the zone, and this implied long haul enduring in Palestine.

Retail Business Analysis

Chapter by chapter list Introduction Background Generic advertising system Segmentation procedure Recommendation and execution Conclusion References Introduction A market methodology in permits an association to center its assets to the most beneficial of chances with the goal of keeping up and expanding deals and addition a serious edge as against other comparable or elective contender associations. They are thusly a crucial apparatus in each association in to the extent accomplishment of the market destinations is concerned. (Gupta and Lehmann 2005, p70-77)Advertising We will compose a custom examination paper test on Retail Business Analysis explicitly for you for just $16.05 $11/page Learn More Background The retail foundation concentrated on the offer of electronic items dominant part of which were PCs and specialized gadgets, for example, phones. The retail outlet has a turnover of $50000 and has wide and typically separated market. There are various comparable stores that sell elective or comparable electronic items and in this manner the market condition is profoundly forceful and serious. The foundation has a dependable gracefully source and is in this way ready to cut on warehousing costs that are in any case acquired by different retailers. It additionally has a creative work power that is utilized consistently thus diminishing the eccentrics of easygoing and on request work. It has additionally figured out how to cut on its administration overheads by actualizing a dazzle framework that has expanded the degree of responsibility and diminished wastage. The foundation has likewise put vigorously in reconnaissance innovation that has guaranteed that there is next to zero misfortune from robbery of items from the racks. It has likewise permitted them to stock high esteem gear, which isn't accessible in other retail shops. The retail foundation has additionally collaborated with a promoting organization that buys their items at limited costs as an end-re sult of consistent and continuous publicizing. This has guaranteed that the foundation secures new markets each day and keeps up initiative in the current market. Conventional showcasing methodology The interior and outer factors in the foundation have driven the administrator to actualize a cost authority procedure. The technique is spurred by the capacity to eliminate costs and keep up a net revenue even at these low expenses. The retile shop offers low costs on little worth items. It additionally keeps up initiative in the high worth items by offering them at a similar cost as all others yet with guarantees of differing periods. Division methodology Market division is isolating the client base into gatherings of comparative premiums or necessities (Goldstein 2007, pp 2-30). The hardware showcase has a confounded need base and along these lines presents an extraordinary test in undoubtedly. The foundation has in this way sectioned the clients by the price.Advertising Looking for r esearch paper on business financial matters? How about we check whether we can support you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More This in this manner implies that there are two principle classes of clients, these who purchase low worth items and the individuals who purchase high worth items. Low worth items are those whose cost is underneath $2000 for a little while the high worth items are those whose worth is above $2000. These clients get distinctive treatment in undoubtedly. Suggestion and usage The promoting and market division techniques fall just in accordance with the situation of the foundation in undoubtedly. The technique in this manner is only helpful for the business for what it's worth in the short run. The association anyway has the chance to investigate more roads by either changing or improving the current procedure. The market division technique ought to incorporate a third classification of clients who buy items esteemed between $ 2000 and $10000. The curre nt procedure permits a rebate to low vale items since these items require practically no fix after buy. The high worth items then again pull in a guarantee in the option of a rebate because of their tendency and expendable life. The client is along these lines bound to go for an item with a guarantee instead of that with a markdown. Anyway the customers of items whose worth is between $ 2000 and $10000 are at the purpose of lack of interest and will in this way either go for an item with a guarantee or an item with a markdown whichever is progressively valuable. This implies the foundation looses an impressive number of clients. The elective methodology is award this third class of clients a halfway rebate and a fractional guarantee. This guarantees the clients advantage in any case. End The association ha viably oversaw t actualize the cost authority technique and has a decent possibility at improving its market division. Execution of the alterative technique will build the custome r base just as increment the business income. References Gupta, S. furthermore, Lehmann, R. (2005). Overseeing Customers as Investments: The Strategic Value of Customers over the long haul. Upper Saddle River, NJ: Pearson Education/Wharton School Publishing, pages 70-77.Advertising We will compose a custom exploration paper test on Retail Business Analysis explicitly for you for just $16.05 $11/page Learn More Goldstein, D. (2007). â€Å"What is Customer Segmentation?† New York, NY. Recovered from http://www.mindofmarketing.net/2007/05/client division why-precisely does.html This examination paper on Retail Business Analysis was composed and put together by client Geraldine Flynn to help you with your own examinations. You are allowed to utilize it for exploration and reference purposes so as to compose your own paper; nonetheless, you should refer to it in like manner. You can give your paper here.

Global competition study of Accor Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 5500 words

Worldwide rivalry investigation of Accor - Essay Example The pace of development inside the inns and inns industry has been portrayed as a by and large encouraging one (Accor, 2013). As showed in figure 1, from 2009, the industry has recorded increment in industry esteem. The recorded development regardless, Hospitality Net (2012) bemoaned that the general development has been soaked around not many contenders. This implies until an individual organization inside the business performs remarkably well, it would end up inside a developing industry yet won't generally be a piece of this development. This is the explanation it is critical and pertinent that the ebb and flow explore be embraced with the point of dissecting the vital seriousness of Accor. The choice of Accor is additionally of intrigue since it is considered as one of the main donors of the industry’s development (Accor, 2013). It is subsequently imperative to consider the organization in order to discover manners by which the organization can keep up its current serious situation inside the business. Accor is headquartered in Paris and an individual from the Paris stock trade with a working ticker of AC. Because of its key financials, Accor is viewed as a significant worldwide lodging administrator (Hotelier News, 2014). Among the 92 nations where Accor works, Europe is its biggest market with almost 3,576 inns and 461,719 rooms in Europe alone (MarketLine, 2014). The objective markets of Accor have been to a great extent affected by its two significant sections which are lodgings and different organizations. Under the lodging portion, there are focuses with extravagance, upscale, mid-scale, and economy target markets. Undoubtedly, there are target markets for corporate divisions and gambling clubs (MarketLine, 2014). Table 1 gives the key financials of the organization from 2009 to 2013. At the point when the key financials of Accor is graphically spoken to, it is conceivable to get the genuine motivation of why it is significant for the venture to be completed. This is on the grounds that the chart in

John Winthrop as Leader essays

John Winthrop as Leader articles A fruitful political pioneer must have the option to manage any individual who may undermine his power. John Winthrop was a skilled legislator without a doubt in this regard. As Roger Williams, Anne Hutchinson, and Robert Child introduced their own individual difficulties to Winthropã•s authority, it is anything but difficult to see that Winthrop sees every one of these individuals as potential dangers. Since Winthrop had become a man in his locale who was perceived as a pioneer, and compelling, he had the option to effectively subdue his adversaries. Roger Williams was an insightful and amiable man. From the start Winthrop respected Williams. As Williamsã• own Puritan standards formed into a separatists perspective, Winthrop attempted to prevent Williams of such boundaries. After rehashed offenses of dissention with respect to Williams, it turned out to be certain that the man would not be hushed. Winthrop may have appreciated Williams for adhering to his convictions however Winthrop knew the inborn perils of rebellion. Winthrop advised Williams, and maintained the communityã•s want to be freed of Williams and his perilous convictions. In the last examination of the circumstance, be that as it may, Winthrop still remembered his political authority as he moved Williams good and gone. This circumstance just required gentle collaboration with respect to Winthrop, yet now and again substantially more forceful connection was required. Such forceful association was called for in managing Ann Hutchinson. The idea of the Hutchinson issue was considerably more of an immediate danger to the entirety of the legislature of New England. Hutchinson would have individuals accept that the men who represented were not necessariily unadulterated, and therefor it would be against Godã•s will for genuine Puritans to permit themselves to be administered by such insufficient men. This was more than the normal danger of rebellion, this could prompt an unrest. Winthrop endeavored to blame Hutchinson. Hutchinson professed to do nothing wron ... <!

Reinhard Heydrich A Brief Biography essays

Reinhard Heydrich A Brief Biography articles Reinhard Heydrich: A Brief Biography Reinhard Heydrich was a self-propelled man with a mind blowing assurance to prevail at all that he did. He was a chilly controller with no regard for human lives who was the main organizer of Hitlers Final Solution where the Nazis needed to dispose of each Jew in Europe. Heydrich was conceived in the German city of Halle in 1904. Heydrich was prodded through practically a mind-blowing entirety making him be pulled back and miserable as a youngster, yet continually encapsulating a solid will. Heydrich was constantly attracted to military kind associations and when he was of lawful age, 18, he joined the German Navy. With his assurance to succeed Heydrich rose rapidly through the positions however was kicked out after a sex embarrassment and it was then that Heydrich joined the Nazi party. On account of his mind blowing will to succeed, Heydrich immediately rose through the positions in the Nazi party also yet bogus bits of gossip about his Jewish parentage halted him quickly. Heydrich loved working in the background; he was behind a great part of the undercover work and he was additionally behind the fall of a significant number of his foes inside the Nazi party. Through his control and arranging Heydrich before long got one of the top men in the Nazi party and was at last designated the Protector of Czechoslovakia. Two of the primary things he did there was to set up a Jewish ghetto and bring the obstruction development down as well as could be expected. Heydrich was at this point extremely certain and to show that he was sure and not terrified of the obstruction he drove around in an open vehicle without a military escort. Amusingly, this is the thing that brough Heydrichs life to an end since it was during one of his outings that he was assaulted by Free Czech operators. They took shots at him and afterward tossed a bomb, however Heydrich didn't bite the dust promptly rather he vanished blood harming from the shrapnel from the bomb. As vengeance, the Nazis mu rdered over a thousand a suspects and absolutely demolis... <!

Driving On The Infinite

Driving On The Infinite I dont have many pet peeves when it comes to MIT, but one of the biggest is people who do not understand how to drive on the Infinite Corridor. The Infinite is essentially a 4-lane road with 2 lanes going in each direction. Of these two, the one closest to the wall is the lane for slow people, or people who wish to check out the bulletin boards. The other lane is the fast lane, or passing lane. I drive defensively, but I still manage to get into accidents pretty much every day because of the surplus of amateurs on the road. People, really its not that hard. Read and learn. If the Infinite is crowded, consider the center line a double-yellow line. Do not merge into oncoming traffic for any reason. You will get run over. If the Infinite is not crowded, consider the center line a broken yellow line. Merge into oncoming traffic only if you need to pass someone who is driving in your own passing lane (which is aggressive, but hey) and yield to oncoming traffic if it should appear. People already on the Infinite have the right-of-way, so you must imagine that every hallway leading into the Infinite has a stop sign. When approaching the Infinite, first stop, then look both ways, and then make your right or left turn onto the Infinite. Running a stop sign will frequently lead to a collision. Bathroom exits have stop signs too. If you are traveling with a group, do not, under any circumstances, use all four lanes to travel in the same direction. You will cause amazing gridlock and your Infinite Corridor karma will be damaged for weeks, resulting in parking tickets whenever you stop to use a water fountain. There is no carpool lane on the Infinite. I dont care how big your group is. No carpool lane! Hang up the phone and drive. Lobby 7 and Lobby 10 can be considered rest stops. When stopping at a rest stop on an interstate highway, do you park at the rest stop itself or just stop in the middle of the highway? The Infinite is no different! Im sure there are things that Im forgetting, but these should get you started. Anyone know where I can get a portable horn? Now that would make driving on the Infinite a whole lot better. ;-)

Counter-Discourse in Jamaica Kincaid’s A Small Place - Literature Essay Samples

In the Western world, the Caribbean has long been viewed as an Edenic paradise. As a result, it has attracted legions of tourists from all over the world seeking an escape from the crushing banality of their day-to-day existence. While popular culture would have one think otherwise, many Caribbean natives resent the masses of innumerable tourists that frequent the region annually. Caribbean writers, in particular, have expressed contempt and indignation towards the tourist industry and the economic and environmental exploitation it entails. Adele S. Newson-Hurst and Munashe Furusa attest that, for Antiguan author Jamaica Kincaid, â€Å"tourism involves more than the accepted notion of the act of traveling for recreational or leisure purposes [] Significantly, [her] definition creatively connects tourism with a new economic order sustained by injustice† (Newson-Hurst 142). Newson-Hurst and Furusa claims that Kincaid â€Å"connect[s] tourism with the imperial order and its desi gn to commodify, relegating the other to a sub-human category for [colonial] consumption† (142). They argue that Kincaid’s work â€Å"contest[s] and subvert[s] assumptions about the [Caribbean] that are based on the ‘imperial text’ which posits people of the [Caribbean] as the ‘other’ whose main role is to quench the recreational and economic interests of the North† (141). My goal is to expand this claim by examining the ways in which Kincaid, in her short work A Small Place, employs postcolonial counter-discursive strategies to resist and combat exploitative imperialist attitudes towards the Caribbean and the West Indies. Resistance through counter-discourse is a fundamental aspect of the formation and study of postcolonial texts. Helen Tiffin, in her work â€Å"Post-Colonial Literatures and Counter-Discourse,† contends that â€Å"the project of post-colonial literatures [is] to investigate the European textual capture and containment of colonial and post-colonial space and to intervene in that originary and continuing containment† (Tiffin 101). This, of course, is accomplished through counter-discourse, which Tiffin argues â€Å"does not seek to subvert the dominant with a view to taking its place, but [] to evolve textual strategies which [] expose and erode [the biases] of the dominant discourse† (99). In other words, the purpose of counter-discourse, at least in this particular context, is not to overthrow and replace the hegemonic discourse perpetuated by imperialist ideology but rather to reveal and subsequently exploit the cracks in its foundation. Counter-discursive strate gies, according to Tiffin, â€Å"involve a mapping of the dominant discourse, a reading and exposing of its underlying assumptions, and the dis/mantling [sic] of these assumptions from the cross-cultural standpoint of the imperially subjectified ‘local’† (101). For the purposes my analysis, I will be paying especial attention to the final item in Tiffin’s list: the dismantling of long-held assumptions and biases established and considered fact by dominant ideology. Kincaid—the â€Å"imperially subjectified local† in this scenario—subverts the Orientalist conception of the Caribbean as a tropical paradise replete with, in the words of Leah Rosenberg, â€Å"‘island music,’ pristine beaches, [an] attentive black waiting staff, and the [] freedom to dance and make love with partners not permitted in the north† (Rosenberg 361). Kincaid accomplishes this through the use of two strategies: first, by showing her readers the reality of Antiguan life; and second, by placing those same readers in the position of the â€Å"imperially subjectified local† locked outside the hegemonic discourse with his/her voice appropriated by the colonial master narrative. There has been some debate regarding when and why the Caribbean and the West Indies came to be viewed as a paradise on earth. Rosenberg lists several factors, among them â€Å"Britain’s loss of empire and the United States’ ascent to imperial superpower on the one hand, and on the other the U.S. struggle for Civil Rights, and West Indian nationalism; and by the interaction of these forces with culture: the calypso craze, the rise of an internationally recognized West Indian literary tradition, Britain’s need for a new literary aesthetic and vision of itself in the wake of Empire, and Hollywood’s fascination with race, romance, and Cinemascope† (362). Rosenberg further contends that islands such as Jamaica, Saint Lucia, Grenada, and Barbados appealed to North American and European sensibilities by offering â€Å"a countryside- and beach-based tourism with the gentility associated with Britishness† (361). While Rosenberg dates the rise of the p opular image of the Caribbean as a paradise at roughly 1950, Richard Grove, in â€Å"Green Imperialism,† argues that the influx of tourists can be attributed to the search for Eden that flourished in the Middle Ages and continued well into the twentieth century. During this time, Grove asserts that â€Å"the task of locating Eden and re-evaluating nature had already begun to be served by the appropriation of the newly discovered and colonized tropical islands as paradises† (Grove 499). It is this image of the Caribbean (and Antigua, in particular) as an Edenic utopia that Kincaid works to undermine in A Small Place. Lesley Larkin, in her essay â€Å"Reading and Being Read: Jamaica Kincaid’s A Small Place as Literary Agent,† aptly describes Kincaid’s slim essay collection as an â€Å"anti-guidebook† in the sense that it shows the reader what actually occurs in her home island of Antigua as opposed to what advertising and neocolonial representations of the Caribbean would have one believe (Larkin 195). Indeed, Kincaid presents the reader with a portrait of Antigua that is decidedly different from the romanticized representation perpetuated by Western media. Kincaid’s Antigua is a nine-by-twelve-mile hotbed of political corruption and environmental exploitation; she laments the perpetually dry climate of the island and how it has become to be viewed by tourists as a positive characteristic. Kincaid bemoans, â€Å"[T]he thought of what it might be like for someone who had to live day in, day out in a place that suffers constantly from drought, and so has to watch carefully every drop of fresh water used [], must never cross your [the tourist’s] mind† (4). Kincaid proceeds to actively undermine the popular tropes and images associated with the Caribbean: for example, while contemplating the image of tourists wading out into the ocean, Kincaid snidely remarks, You must not wonder what exactly happened to the contents of your lavatory when you flushed it [.] Oh, it might all end up in the water you are thinking of taking a swim in; the contents of your lavatory might, just might, graze gently against your ankle as you wade carefree in the water, for you see, in Antigua, there is no proper sewage-disposal system (13-14). Antigua is politically corrupt, as well. The island’s government regularly sacrifices the cultural stability and well-being of its citizens in order to accommodate the hordes of tourists that frequent the island. Later in the book, Kincaid relates to the reader a string of suspicious deaths that bear the unmi stakable stench of politically-motivated assassination. The average tourist, of course, hasn’t entertained the slightest thought or concern regarding these political troubles. Kincaid’s seething hatred of the exploitative nature of tourism culminates when she contemptuously declares that â€Å"[a] tourist is an ugly human being† (14)—a statement that, as Adele S. Newson-Hurst and Munashe Furusa point out, â€Å"is tantamount to sacrilege as the economy of the nation is dependent on tourism† (Newson-Hurst 148). While Kincaid obviously does not hold tourists in high regard, Lesley Larkin contends that â€Å"Kincaid’s primary target is not tourism itself but tourist-reading and the subject it produces [emphasis in the original]† (Larkin 195). According to Rosemary V. Hathaway, tourist-reading is â€Å"a form of selective reading† that â€Å"threatens to ‘subsume’ cultural particularity within preconceived notions† (qtd. in Larkin 195). According to Larkin, Kincaid â€Å"shows how tourist-reading is a productive discourse, one that constructs not only the tourist site and its inhabitants but also the tourist himself† (196). Larkin also suggests that Kincaid’s work â€Å"anticipates the touristic impulse of [its] readers†Ã¢â‚¬â€many of whom, she argues, are â€Å"privileged white people, from the readers of The New Yorker, for whom Kincaid originally intended her work (and who are likely to be experienced tourists) to American coll ege students who, regardless of touristic impulse, are regularly invited to ‘visit’ other cultures by the diversity requirements of university curricula† (194). Larkin further argues that Kincaid’s distinct use of second-person address, â€Å"points the finger at its [] readers, critiquing contemporary reading practices for their affinity with global tourism and imperialism† (194). Thus, the reader is placed in the position of the imperialized local—his/her voice has been silenced and even appropriated by Kincaid where necessary. To compound this representation, Kincaid makes sweeping general statements that fail to take into account the heterogeneity of her audience. For Kincaid, her audience coalesces into a formless white blob—they have been effectively dehumanized in the same way that imperialist ideology has dehumanized those who have been directly marginalized by colonial discourse. It becomes increasingly evident that Kincaid holds the reader directly responsible for the injustices Antiguan people have faced at the hands of European colonizers. â€Å"Have you ever wondered to yourself why it is that all people like me seem to have learned from you is how to imprison and murder each other []?† seethes Kincaid (Kincaid 34). She continues, â€Å"Have you ever wondered why it is that all we seem to have learned from you is how to corrupt our societies and how to be tyrants?† (34). According to Kincaid, the unwitting reader â€Å"will have to accept that this is mostly [their] fault† (34-35). She then proceeds to unleash a deluge of accusations against which the reader is powerless to defend themselves: â€Å"You murdered people,† she fumes (35); â€Å"You imprisoned people. You robbed people. You opened [. . .] banks and put our money in them. [. . . .] There must have been some good people among you,† Kincaid admits, â€Å"but t hey stayed home. And that is the point. That is why they are good. They stayed home.† (35). Kincaid never gives the reader the opportunity to defend themselves against these accusations and give their side of the story. By robbing the reader of his/her voice, Kincaid forces him/her to experience this subhuman status for themselves.Works CitedCarrigan, Anthony. â€Å"Hotels Are Squatting on My Metaphors: Tourism, Sustainability, and Sacred Space in the Caribbean.† Journal of Commonwealth and Postcolonial Studies 13-14.2-1 (2006): 59-82. MLA International Bibliography [ProQuest]. Web. 2 Nov. 2015. Grove, Richard. â€Å"Green Imperialism.† The Post-Colonial Studies Reader. Ed. Bill Ashcroft, Gareth Griffiths, and Helen Tiffin. 2nd ed. New York: Routledge. 2006. 498-500. Print.Kincaid, Jamaica. A Small Place. New York: Farrar, Straus, Giroux, 1988. Print. Larkin, Lesley. Reading and Being Read: Jamaica Kincaids A Small Place as Literary Agent. Callaloo 35.1 (2012): 193-211. Literature Online [ProQuest]. Web. 30 Oct. 2015.McLeod, John. Beginning Postcolonialism. 2nd ed. Manchester: Manchester University Press, 2010. Print. Newson-Horst, Adele S., and Munashe Furusa. The Anti-Tourism Aesthetics of Nawal El Saadawi and Jamaica Kincaid. Emerging Perspectives on Nawal El Saadawi. Ed. Ernest N. Emenyonu and Maureen N. Eke. Trenton: Africa World, 2010. 141-53. MLA International Bibliography [ProQuest]. Web. 3 Nov. 2015. Rosenberg, Leah. â€Å"It’s Enough to Make Any Woman Catch the Next Plane to Barbados: Constructing the Postwar West Indies as Paradise.† Third Text 28.4/5 (2014): 361-376. Academic Search Complete [EBSCO]. Web. 30 Oct. 2015. Tiffin, Helen. â€Å"Post-Colonial Literatures and Counter-Discourse.† The Post-Colonial Studies Reader. Ed. Bill Ashcroft, Gareth Griffiths, and Helen Tiffin. 2nd ed. New York: Routledge, 2006. 99-101. Print.

A Brief Note On The State Of California - 1609 Words

There are many industries being affected in the state of California due to its exceptional drought. It seems that every industry is being affected by the drought in one way or another. On one hand, industries like agriculture are being forced to cut down on their necessary water usage; On the other hand, industries like oil are being looked over while they waste massive amounts of water and only make the drought worse. How can they do this? How can they take away water from another industry in an attempt to save their oil? How can they watch fields of fruits and vegetables be destroyed in a massive agricultural genocide? This is an outrage, cracking down on some while others get an exemption. It is unfair and unjust for California to allow†¦show more content†¦In 2011, conditions were just abnormally dry and harmless, so they were expected to eventually return to normal. Unfortunately, conditions got so severe that by January 17, 2014; Governor Jerry Brown declared a state o f emergency. On April 1, 2015, the California Department of Water Resources measured the statewide water content of the Sierra snowpack at five percent of the average for April 1st (â€Å"California Drought†, 2015). This snowpack is a crucial water source for streams and rivers, providing a third of the water used by California’s cities and farms, and it is at its lowest level since 1950. As a result, Governor Brown imposed a 25 percent reduction for the state’s 400 local water supply agencies. Previously in January, there was a voluntary 20 percent reduction, but the state largely ignored it. (Megerian, Stevens, Boxall, 2015) After plenty of voluntary water restrictions set by the state failed, California was forced to do something more serious. The state has been reduced to issuing tickets and fees to its citizens for using unnecessary water, for example, fines as big as $500 are being issued to California residents for just simply being caught watering their grass. It has been completely necessary for California to place these restrictions so they can save their water. Restrictions on the local water agencies are resulting in reduced water for cities and more transparency in California’s

Bambi Childcare Business Plan Essay - 4650 Words

BUSINESS PLAN Sep 13, 2009 Table of Contents 1.0 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY2 1.1 Mission2 2.0 COMPANY SUMMARY2 3.0 SERVICES 3 4.0 MARKET ANALYSIS SUMMARY3 4.1 Market Segmentation4 4.2 Target Market Segment Strategy4 4.3 Competition5 5.0 STRATEGY AND IMPLEMENTATION5 5.1 Sales Strategy5 6.0 HUMAN RESOURCE PLAN6 7.0 LOCATION/FACILITY PLAN15 8.0 INVENTORY MANAGEMENT PLAN17 9.0 FINANCIAL PLAN17 9.1 Expansion Start-up Costs18 9.2 Pro Forma Income Statement20 9.3 Pro Forma Balance Sheet21 9.4 Pro Forma Cash Flow22 10.0 REFERENCES23 1.0 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY The Calgary Bambi Childcare is a full-service child care/development facility that cares for toddlers from age three months to six years. The Bambi Childcare†¦show more content†¦Bambi Childcare will continue to develop the childrens skills. This customer group is typically made up of two professional parents. This would explain why the parents 1) have the money for more sophisticated child care, and 2) are ambitious in terms of their childrens learning and development. 5.2 Target Market Segment Strategy Bambi Childcare intends to concentrate on the double income working professional families because they are the segment that can most willingly afford day care, are the ones who need day care because of their work obligations, appreciate the advanced learning and development Bambi Childcare has to offer, and lastly are a growing segment of our society. With both parents working, this segment needs some sort of provisions for the care of their child. Having both parents as professionals, they are ambitious with the development of their child and are willing to pay to get the best program for their prodigy. As Canada continues to be a society of people working long hours, there will always be the need for child care. The trend of longer work weeks is increasing and this drives Bambi Childcare’s business. 5.3 Competition There are many different competitors in the child care space. Bambi Childcare only detail the direct, or reasonably direct competitors, and will not detail the countless of other service providers that offer some sort of child care option. Bambi Childcare

Logitech’s Products - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 4 Words: 1087 Downloads: 3 Date added: 2017/09/25 Category Industry Essay Type Analytical essay Did you like this example? 1. In a world without trade, what would American consumers have to pay for Logitech’s products? The costs American consumers would have to pay for Logitech products would increase significantly in a world without trade. This is due to the face that production, assembly, resources, and sale of their products would all have to be conducted in the US. Logitech would no longer be able to rely on China for cheap labor and assembly, or Taiwan for efficient and cheap manufacturing. Therefore these increased expenses would require a rise in retail price for the consumer. 2. Explain how trade lowers the costs of making computer peripherals such as mice and keyboards. Trade helps in reduction of product prices due to following reasons: ? Components are procured from any part of the world where they can be produced/manufactured at the best cost. (Motorola plant in Malaysia makes the mouses chip; Agilent Technologies supplies optical sensors) ? The intellectual capital going in to any product is created at the place where the right talent is available. (Ergonomics design is done in Ireland, software programming is done in Switzerland and Fremont) The actual assembling/manufacturing is done at the place where is can be done most cost effectively. (Assembling is done in Taiwan and China) ? The products reach the customers the most efficient way by taking the services of the most efficient logistics company. (Marketing and operations from Fremont) 3. Use the theory of comparative advantage to explain the way in which Logitech has configured its global operations. Why does the company manufacture in China and Taiwan, undertake basis R in California and Switzerland, design products in Ireland, and coordinate marketing and operations from California? David Ricardo’s theory that states a country should specialize in the production of a good that it produces most efficiently and buy those at which time it is least efficient. Manufacturing takes place Chi na and Taiwan because they have cheap and qualified labor, a well developed supply base, and a rapidly expanding consumer market. These factors of endowments make China more productive at making computer peripherals. Basic R takes place in California and Switzerland because workers are more skilled and productive at R. Logitech designs products in Switzerland because this is where their most skilled designers are located. Since California also houses many large corporation, it makes perfect business sense for Logitech to have their marketing operations here. 4. Who creates more value for Logitech, the 650 people it employs in Fremont and Switzerland or the 4,000 employees at its Chinese factory? What are the implications of this observation for the argument that free trade is beneficial? Logitech make $8 for every mouse being sold. Let us assume that $3 of this is spent on R and software programming. The earnings per employee writing the software code is (3*100)/650 = . 47 cents. The value added per employee in China is (3 *100)/4000 = . 075 cents. Hence the value added by R people is greater. Free trade is beneficial because, it is the free trade which is allowing Logitech to take advantage of the low cost manpower available in China. If free trade w ere not available, Logitech would be forced to manufacture its mice in U. S. at a much higher cost. 5. Why do you think the company decided to shift its corporate headquarters from Switzerland to Fremont? It helps Logitech to stay close to its customers. It can respond to the demands of the customers more promptly. Fremont is also the place where a lot of technological innovations are happening. Logitech being in the high-tech industry, continuous innovation is a key success factor for its business. Fremont is also an important in terms of managerial talent. All these reasons make it convenient for Logitech to move to Fremont. 6. To what extent can Porter’s diamond help explain the choice of Taiwa n as a major manufacturing sire for Logitech? Porters diamond considers four important attributes which will create an environment that helps the domestic industries. The four tributes can be applied to Taiwan becoming a manufacturing hub for electronics goods as shown below: ? Factor Endowments: Taiwan has well qualified people for manufacturing electronic goods. It has good infrastructure and transport facility. ?Demand conditions: There is demand throughout the world for electronic products produced in Taiwan. All major global companies source their electronic components from Taiwan. ?Relating and supporting industries: Taiwan has a well-developed supply base for parts and rapidly expanding local computer industry. Firm strategy, structure and rivalry: There is tough competition and rivalry among local companies which help in better efficiency. Moreover, The government has created Science-based industrial parks through which they encourage companies to invest in Taiwan. Land i s given at very subsidized rates in these parks. 7. why do you think China is not a favored location for so much high-technology manufacturing activity? How will China’s increasing involvement in global trade to help that country? How will it help the world’s developed economics? What potential problems are associated with moving work to China? All the factors in Porters diamond are at play in China very efficiently. It ha s huge human resources, land, water and other natural resources. It has good infrastructure for transportation, ports and communication. It has created special zones for promoting exports, thus ensuring a good demand for the goods they manufacture. The rivalry among the domestic firms is also very strong. Government supports export oriented firms through funds. The cost of labor is very low. Technical human skills are available. These factors make China a favored location for high-technology manufacturing. Chinas increase in global trade will e nsure that investment flows into China for manufacturing. Its balance of payment position will become very strong. It can use the trade as a lever for political mileage. As more investment happens it w ill help China to reap the advantages of economics of scale. It can provide better living conditions for its citizens. It will also generate funds for planned investments. The worlds developed economics will be able to take advantage of the low cost manufacturing available in China. The global companies can improve the efficiency of their supply chain by manufacturing in China. The following are the potential problems associated with moving work to China: ? The political changes, when they happen, can lead to disruption of work. ?Decision making at the government level is opaque, which can cause problems if unfavorable decisions are taken. ?When there is trouble in the political relationship between the home country and China. ?The companies may lose an opportunity to develop an al ternate to China as a manufacturing hub Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "Logitech’s Products" essay for you Create order

Imagery and Symbolism in Cathedral, by Raymond Carver

In the short story, Cathedral, by Raymond Carver, the author uses imagery, symbolism and narrates the story in first person point of view. The Cathedral’s main theme is being able to identify the difference between being able to look and/or see and it is portrayed through the main characters role in the story. Carver uses a unique style of writing which gives the short story a simple way for the reader to understand the story’s theme. This story is about how the narrator is unable to see what life is really giving him and finds it through a blind man’s eyes, the friend of his wife. Cathedral is a touching story, in my opinion, as it reflects on what many of us, society, take for granted. It shows how important it is to give people a†¦show more content†¦This imagery is used metaphorically to illustrate what a blind man would like to know in order to get a full vision of what is exactly going on. Furthermore, the title of the short story has symbolic representation to the transformation the narrator partakes as the story ends. Specifically, when the narrator begins to explain the cathedral on the TV and is unable to describe it with detail to Robert, shows how blind he is even though he is able to look at the things show in the program. In the short story, Robert suggests to the narrator to work together on drawing a cathedral to better illustrate it. As both hold on to the pen and trace the cathedral unto the piece of paper bag, Robert is able to visualize it in his mind; the narrator, on the other hand, gets to a point in his life where he realizes that he is now able to see, rather than just look at something, and is able to understand its meaning, as he states â€Å"it was like nothing else in my life up to now†¦my eyes were still closed.† Here, the narrator recognizes that even though his eyes were closed, as if he was blind, he is able to tell how immen sely and detailed cathedrals are. Moreover, Carver uses first person point of view to describe the narrator’s life and the meaning of the cathedral to him. Through the first person point of view given to the narrator and one of the main characters of the story, Carver is able to portray a narrator who is jealous and insecure of himself. The narrator’sShow MoreRelated##ism, Imagery, And Symbolism In Cathedral By Raymond Carver815 Words   |  4 PagesThe short story â€Å"Cathedral† is written by Raymond Carver. It is being narrated by a man whose wife invited an old friend and person she used to work for to come visit due to his wife dying. The old friend is a blind man whose name is Robert. The author in the â€Å"Cathedral† uses symbolism, imagery, and irony to provide more meaning to the story. The narrator of the story has a stereotypical opinion on blind people while being blind to his own imperfections, but he is able to start seeingRead MoreAnalysis Of Raymond Carver s The Cathedral 863 Words   |  4 Pages One of the Raymond Carver story where we can find a lot of religion symbols; it is â€Å"Cathedral.† The story develops an ironic situation in which a blind man teaches a sighted man to truly â€Å"see† for the first time. Near the end of the story, Carver has these two characters work together on a drawing of a cathedral, which serves as the symbolic heart of the story. The cathedral represents true sight, the ability to see beyond the surface to the true meaning that lies within. The narrator’s drawingRead MoreMinimalism by Raymond Carver Essay3013 Words   |  13 PagesLiterary Criticism Minimalism by Raymond Carver English 210 P. Fishman Research Paper Literary Criticism on Minimalism by Raymond Carver Raymond Carver was a master of the short story during the mid nineteenth century due to his unique minimalistic style. Carver has his own artistic signature when it comes to writing, he tells his stories using

Wish You Well by David Baldacci Free Essays

Character development is an important part of all novels. A character’s mindset can change throughout the story as they go through events that may change there mindset. In Wish You Well by David Baldacci, Oz’s personality and attitude change from the beginning to the end of the novel. We will write a custom essay sample on Wish You Well by David Baldacci or any similar topic only for you Order Now His point of view alone effects the story. As the book starts off Oz is a little immature boy. He is not self efficient and relies completely on his mother Amanda and his older sister Lou. â€Å"Fortunately, his fearful cries would be replaced by a smile when Oz would at last focused on her, and she would want to hold her son always, keep him safe always. (Baldacci p. 4) Amanda had protected Oz his entire life and made him feel a sense of attachment. He never had to make his own decisions or face an event where his hope or faith was challenged. Until the car accident, his mother was severely injured and his father was killed. â€Å"Oz reached for his mother, incomprehension the only thing between the little boy and possibly fatal panic. † (Baldacci p. 14) This was the first and only time in the story that we see Oz in panic. Lou being older feels she understood more about the world and life than Oz. She had loved her father but clearly did not have the same type of relationship with her mother. After the accident and her father was dead, Lou seemed to get a negative outlook. She never once had a positive thought that possibly her mother could might get better and regain consciousness. Oz on the other hand never lost his faith. He always though positively. Throughout the novel Oz makes comment to his grandmother, diamond, and Lou that his mother could and was getting better. His love for her was so strong that even though deep down he knew the reality of her healing was not likely, he would do whatever he could to make it possibly come true. Oz thinks that wishing for his mother to regain her health at the wishing well will make her better. â€Å"I wish that my mother will wake up and love me again. He paused and then added solemnly, And Lou too. † (Baldacci p. 131) Oz truly cared about his mother and sister and risked his fear to try and make them all happy again. He was truly a caring character who changes from being a shy innocent boy. Into a caring self confident young man. Lou and Oz both loved each other and there mother. However, each characters point of view was different regarding the citation. Lou was kind of angry and tried to think about things realistic. She knew the odds of her mother getting well and there family going back to normal was limited. She realized it and tried to move on. As opposed to Oz who hoped and wished that his mother and Lou would get better and things could go back to the way they were. In the end even though both character’s points of view where vastly different, they each helped each other get through some tragic events in the novel together, through love and perseverance. How to cite Wish You Well by David Baldacci, Essay examples

Roles and Responsibilities in Lifelong Learning free essay sample

Unit 001 Roles. responsibilities and relationships in lifelong learning As Education Officer for the Heritage Service (HS) my Job is to provide inspiring, enjoyable and informative learning that promotes lifelong learning and encourages regular return visits to the councils museums (HS Education Policy), In order to do this in line council and national/international legislation, regulatory requirements and codes of practice. These include the: Health and Safety at Work Act 1974 This act provides for the health and safety of people who may be affected by the ctivities of work including learners and visitors to educational sites. The Management of Health and Safety at Work Regulations 1999 All our activities are risk assessed regularly In line with this act _ Data Protection Act (1998) All data taken when booking activities, evaluating activities, taking photos Is kept as stated In the act_ Everyone who Is responsible for using data has to follow strict rules called data protecuon prlnclples_ They must make sure the Information Is: used fairly and lawfully used for limited, specifically stated purposes used In a way that s adequate, relevant and not excessive ept for no longer than Is absolutely necessary handled according to peoples data protection rights kept sate and secure accurate not transferred outside the uK without adequate protection This Is also reiterated in the councils Data Protection Policy. We will write a custom essay sample on Roles and Responsibilities in Lifelong Learning or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page We also ensure that we adhere to The Protection ot Children Act (1999) and the Councils Sateguarding Adults Policy The Equality Act (2010) The Councils Equality Policy Statement says that The council is committed to achieving equality ot opportunity in our employment practices and provision of services. The policy is xplicitly linked to the requirements of the council as an employer and provider of services in adhering to the Equality Act 2010. When devising activities also follow the councils equality statement in line with Equality Act As Ann Gravells (2012) says

Reaction paper on tencommandments free essay sample

When the Pharaoh of Egypt sentences Hebrew children to their death, the mother of baby Moses floats the child down the River Nile in a basket, hoping he will be found by people who give him a chance at a better life. The baby is found by the Pharaohs daughter, and is raised as an Egyptian prince. However, when the true heritage of Moses is discovered, he is banished from Egypt. As Moses wanders through the desert, he encounters a burning bush, from which the voice of God can be heard. God tells Moses it is his destiny to lead the Hebrews from slavery to a new life in the Holy Land. With the power of God as his ally, Moses confronts the Pharaoh Ramses and demands freedom for his people. Ramses scoffs at Moses, and with the help of the Lord the Hebrew messenger brings a series of plagues down on the Egyptian people as he repeats his demand for freedom for the Jews. We will write a custom essay sample on Reaction paper on tencommandments or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Reaction: The Ten Commandments is an incredible epic drama based on the Book of Exodus from the Old Testament. The Ten Commandments is a moving tale of how the Hebrews escaped slavery in ancient Egypt and went on to form their own nation. Thus, this movie is mainly about the struggle for freedom as well as the price of maintaining it. Although the story is thousands of years old, The Ten Commandments, which is basically just a movie adaptation and expansion of the Book of Exodus, is still quite relevant. There are still parts of the world where peoples are being exploited by other peoples, and The Ten Commandments should be an inspiration to those oppressed to strive toward freedom. This freedom always comes at a price, however. For the ancient Hebrews, the price was to follow the Ten Commandments, which became adapted into Judeo-Christian law and custom. The Ten Commandments, then, are like reflectors on a highway. They warn us of danger. They warn us when our life with God is headed in the wrong direction. They warn us when our life with God is careening toward danger. The Ten Commandments touch on two relationships. They tell us of our relationship with God and with our neighbor. This is appropriate for the Christian. Jesus Christ died to heal both our broken relationship with God and our broken relationship with our neighbor. As might be expected from what we have already said, the Ten Commandments do not tell us how to love God or how to love our neighbor. They do, however, warn us when we are moving in the opposite direction of love. Nowadays I think that only four or five of the Ten Commandments actually apply to modern society because people today are evolving and liberating thus, others don’t follow The Ten Commandments maybe because of ignorance, though the other four still seem to serve us well. In any case, we will always need a law to govern ourselves, and Im pretty happy with our constitution now.

Thomas Jefferson Essays (2133 words) - Thomas Jefferson,

Thomas Jefferson The third president of the United States, a diplomat, statesman, architect, scientist, and philosopher, Thomas Jefferson is one of the most eminent figures in American history. No leader in the period of the American Enlightenment was as articulate, wise, or conscious of the implications and consequences of a free society as Thomas Jefferson. Thomas Jefferson was born on April 13, 1743, at Shadwell, a tobacco plantation in Virginia. His father, Peter Jefferson, was a self-made success, and although uneducated he was a very intelligent man. His mother, Jane Randolph was a member of one of the most distinguished families in Virginia. Peter Jefferson died when Thomas was 14 and left him valuable lands and property. Denied a formal education himself, he directed that his son be given complete classical training. He studied with Reverend Mr. Maury, a classical scholar, for two years and in 1760 he attended William and Mary College. After graduating from William and Mary in 1762, Jefferson studied law for five years under George Wythe. In January of 1772, he married Martha Wayles Skelton and established a residence at Monticello. When they moved to Monticello, only a small one room building was completed. Jefferson was thirty when he began his political career. He was elected to the Virginia House of Burgess in 1769, where his first action was an unsuccessful bill allowing owners to free their slaves. The impending crisis in British-Colonial relations overshadowed routine affairs of legislature. In 1774, the first of the Intolerable Acts closed the port of Boston until Massachusetts paid for the Boston Tea Party of the preceding year. Jefferson and other younger members of the Virginia Assembly ordained a day of fasting and prayer to demonstrate their sympathy with Massachusetts. Thereupon, Virginia's Royal Governor Dunmore once again dissolved the assembly (Koch and Peden 20). The members met and planned to call together an inter-colonial congress. Jefferson began writing resolutions which were radical and better written than those from other counties and colonies. Although his resolutions were considered too revolutionary and not adopted, they were printed and widely circulated and subsequently all important writing assignments were entrusted to Jefferson. When Jefferson arrived in Philadelphia in June, 1775, as a Virginia delegate to the Second Continental Congress, he already possessed, as John Adams remarked, a reputation for literature, science, and a happy talent of composition (Koch and Peden 21). When he returned in 1776, he was appointed to the five-man committee, including Benjamin Franklin and John Adams, which was charged with the most momentous assignment ever given in the history of America: the drafting of a formal declaration of independence from Great Britain (Daugherty 109). Jefferson was responsible for preparing the draft. The document, was finally approved by Congress on July 4, 1776. Cut and occasionally altered by Adams, or Franklin, or the Congress itself, the Declaration is almost completely Jefferson's, and is the triumph and culmination of his early career. At this time, had he wanted to be a political leader, he could have easily attained a position in government. Instead, he chose to return to Monticello and give his public service to Virginia. Returning to the Virginia House of Delegates in October 1776, Jefferson set to work on reforming the laws of Virginia. He also proposed a rational plan of statewide education and attempted to write religious tolera tion into the laws of Virginia by separating Church and State by writing the Bill for Establishing Religious Freedom. In June of 1779, Jefferson was elected Governor of Virginia. He commenced his career as a public executive, confident of his abilities, assured of the respect and almost the affection of his commonwealth. However, he took up his duties at a time when the British were raiding Virginia. General George Washington did not have resources available to send to Virginia. Jefferson, during one of the raids, narrowly escaped capture at the hands of the British troops; and the legislators were forced to flee from their new capital city of Richmond. Jefferson, as head of the state, was singled out for criticism and abuse. At the end of his second term, he announced his retirement. General Washington's approval of Jefferson's actions as Governor is in marked contrast to the heated charges of

Nuclear Waste Essays (1235 words) - Nuclear Technology,

Nuclear Waste Although the government believes that Nevada is an ideal place for nuclear waste storage, it is simply overlooking the obvious implications that would threaten both the environment and the people of the land. Yucca was suggested to be a waste repository along with several other areas some years ago. This facility located at Yucca Mountain would house some of mans most dangerous elements, like plutonium. As with the Native Americans political power played a key role in the theft of their land. Nevada, having the least amount of political power has been exposed to the same issue Native American's faced years and years ago. There was said to be a handful of proposed nuclear waste sites that were supposed to be individually examined for pros and cons, but after a laconic effort to examine each site some how all proposed sites were decided to be dropped from the list of potential nuclear waste sites except for Nevada's Yucca Mountain. It is also important to point out that the only two potential sites for nuclear waste are on or near Indian lands. These facts show an unjust system of decision made by the Department of Energy. The Yucca Mountain region is one of the least populated regions of the United States and without strong political efforts made it will eventually become a permanent nuclear waste village that all Nevada's population will have to deal with and quite very possible be harmed by. One of the most prominent problems with nuclear waste is the lethal factor it poses to mankind. "To properly understand the scope of the problem it is necessary to take into account the detrimental health effects of these materials" (Kuletz 84). The U.S. Department of Energy estimates that as little as 10 millionths of a curie of plutonium if inhaled can cause cancer in an average human being. But even with these alarming statistics, officials are still willing to take the health risks of storing the waste in a permanent storage facility at Yucca Mountain that in the long run could result in millions of citizens being diagnosed with cancer. If they do end up storing nuclear waste at Yucca Mountain in the end, the only victims will be the citizens of the United States. Even with conclusive studies that are deemed un-conclusive by high paid scientists, the government insists on killing it's own people with mass production of nuclear waste pouring out nuclear plants everyday. Studies reveal these elements kill, yet the DOE or Department of Energy changes science to fit into their master plan. In the grants Uranium Belt region, a major source of uranium mining, over a hundred cases were reported of cancer and birth defects that directly relate to the nuclear materials such as uranium. Not only is nuclear substance extremely lethal to mankind, but the area of Yucca Mountain is said to have a incredible aquifer beneath it's desolated surface. If the nuclear waste were to ever make its way into the vast water channels located within the aquifer there would be complete devastation. At some specific spots on the nuclear landscape underground streams emerge from below and reveal the extensive underground water source in the Yucca Mountain are. It is noted in Kuletz's book on the numerous interviews she had with Native Americans in the Yucca Mountain region that a lot of them complained from thyroid cancer. Also many deaths have occurred in their families that they accredit to the tests and nuclear waste. One must not only examine the effects that nuclear waste has Nevada's water supply, but the adverse health effects when nuclear waste enters into our ecosystem and indirectly into our food chain. As Kuletz points out, "Scientists don't really know how the water will flow through this environment thousands of years from now, how gases will move through it along pneumatic pathways, and most importantly how stable the earth will be (Kuletz 278)." With the notion of a deep geological permanent waste storage facility it is difficult not to imagine the effects seismic activity could have on a such a (death barrel) located deep in the ground. In a world were weathermen have difficulty predicting what the weather will be like tomorrow it is difficult to comprehend waste will be deep in our mantle that is constantly changing and shifting as with the government always changing and neither of the two being static. As an earthquake occurs the epicenter feels the least amount of shock wave from the origin of creation. Which means that any deep

Free Online GED Testing and Resources

Free Online GED Testing and Resources We do so much online today that it seems natural to expect to be able to take the GED test online, too. Can you? Nope. There was some confusion when, in 2014, the GED test became computer-based. You now take the GED test on a computer, but not online. Theres a very big difference between computer-based and online. You can find free practice GED tests online in several places, but when youre ready to sit down for the actual test, you need to take it at a certified testing center, in person. The good news is that they are all over America, even in the smallest communities, so chances are very good that there is one near you. Google Adult Education in your town or city, or look it up in the phone book, if you still have one. So what kinds of GED prep resources can you find online? Plenty! Online High Schools - Thumbs Up or Down? Many people choose to attend an online high school. Are they safe? Some are. Youll need to do some serious homework. Its especially important to be sure the school you choose is accredited. What does that mean? Learn why  accreditation is important  before you sign up for any online high school. Online Prep If you just want some help prepping, and arent interested in signing up for a school, there are plenty of places online that offer lessons and practice tests. We list several of them in this article, Free Online GED Practice Tests and Free GED Classes. Remember that most communities, whether small or huge, have literacy councils that offer free tutoring for adults and children in many, many subjects, including GED, English, math, reading, and pretty much anything you need help with. Ask. If you have trouble finding them, check with the local newspaper. Theyll be sure to know. Studying for Your GED at   Home Earning a GED can be embarrassing, so many people choose to study at home, and now that there are so many resources available on the Internet, studying at home is so much easier. We have some tips for you in this article, Ways to Study for Your GED/High School Equivalency Diploma at Home Scams There are a lot of scams out there, and the people running them are pretty heartless. Please do not fall for offers that claim you can take the GED test online. Theyre all scams. They want your money, lots of it, in exchange for a meaningless piece of paper. Dont think employers or schools will fall for these fake certificates. Theyre smarter than that. So you will have lost good money and gotten absolutely nothing in return. Earn your GED the right way and be proud of it. And remember, you must take your GED test at a certified testing center, in person. Find a center near you by going to your states GED website or to the GED Testing Service.

Human Resource Change and Communication and Diversity essay

Human Resource Change and Communication and Diversity essay Human Resource Change and Communication and Diversity essay Human Resource Change and Communication and Diversity essayIn actuality, there are diverse change models that may be applied to the contemporary human resource management. In fact, the change management may involve different approaches and strategies that may either contribute to the success of the change management in a particular organization or provoke the failure of the change in the particular organization. At this point, it is possible to distinguish Lewin’s three steps model and Kotter’s eight steps model. Each model is efficient, if applied properly, although Kotter’s model is more detailed and may be helpful for organizations conducting complex changes. On the other hand, Kotter’s eight steps model is grounded on three main stages of the change, including creating a climate for change, engaging and enabling the organization, and implementing and sustaining the change.In fact, the first stage of the change, according to Kotter, includes three steps . In other words, creating a climate for change includes three steps: increasing urgency, building guiding teams, and getting the vision right (Peters, 2002). The engaging and enabling the organization stage includes three more steps: communication for buy-in, enabling action, and creating short-term wins. Finally, the last stage is the stage of implementing and sustaining the change that includes two steps: keeping the organization and the staff focused on the change and sticking to the change in a long run (Kotter, 1996). Therefore, Kotter’s model implies that the change management includes the preparation of the organization for the change that is followed by the implementation of the change and only after that the organization should retain the change and make it a norm.Lewin’s model undergoes through similar three stages of the change, including unfreezing, changing and refreezing (Thames Webster, 2009). Lewin stands on the ground that any organization has its ow n organizational culture, norms and rules, which are deep-rooted and, as the researcher defines it, frozen. The personnel of the organization take these norms and rules for granted. At the same time, any organization may need changes and this is the moment, when unfreezing is necessary. Unfreezing means the preparation of employees for the change (Peters, 2002). The second stage is the change proper. During this stage, the organization implements the change and makes it run smoothly. Finally, the refreezing the change is the last stage, when the organization ensures that the change has become permanent (Peters, 2002). In such a way, the change is complete and employees of the company perform their functions and take the implemented change for granted.Therefore, the two models of the HR change management are quite different but organizations and managers carrying out the change should make the choice on the ground of organizational needs and resources available to their organization. In such a way, managers should determine whether they will be able to complete the change successfully before the start implementing the change. They should also prepare their subordinates for the introduction of the change to minimize the risk of the resistance of employees to the change.The impact of equality and diversity, legislation on employmentToday, human resource managers should come prepared in the extremely diverse environment. As many organizations operate internationally and the movement of human resources internationally increases, human resource managers has to be able to work in the diverse, multicultural environment, where they have to adapt their management style to the specific organizational culture and environment. As a rule, human resource managers have to elaborate the specific management and communication style to match the specific organizational environment. They should elaborate their management style through the interaction and close communication with h uman resources. In such a way, they will learn which management style is the most effective in the specific organizational environment.At the same time, human resource managers should be very careful to avoid offensive behavioural patterns or inappropriate behaviour in relation to their subordinates. To avoid such negative behaviour patterns, human resource managers should learn the cultural background of their subordinates and elaborate the management style that matches cultural norms and rules of their subordinates. However, in the contemporary business environment, it is not always possible to elaborate the personalized approach to each employee, when the workplace environment is extremely diverse culturally. In such a situation, it is possible to recommend human resource managers to apply universal, humanistic approaches which are culturally neutral and allow them to maintain effective interaction and communication with their subordinates (Thames Webster, 2009). In this regard, equality is one of the main principles that helps human resource managers to prevent conflicts within their organizations and maintain the positive, healthy organizational culture. In such a way, human resource manager can elaborate the effective management style that helps them to maximize the performance of their subordinates and their organization.At the same time, professional knowledge and skills in the field of human resources are not enough for the successful human resource management today. In addition, human resource managers should be proficient in the legislation on employment because the lack of knowledge in this field can cause conflicts within the organization, whereas the violation of rights of employees can cause lawsuits being filed by employees against their employer. In such a situation, the main function of human resource managers is the prevention of such conflicts and the violation of rights of employees to prevent lawsuits and industrial action against their companies. The understanding and effective use of the legislation on employment allows human resource managers to build up their employment relations effectively (Bovee Thill, 2005). At this point, it is worth mentioning the fact that human resource managers should also come prepared to confront the pressure from the part of employees and unions, which may be willing to gain some extra employment benefits, if human resource manager is incompetent in the field of the legislation on employment (Hart, 2004). In such a case, manager can agree on some employment benefits to prevent the industrial action from the part of employees and unions. This is why the understanding and effective use of the legislation on employment help human resource managers to save costs, maximize the effectiveness of employer-employee relations, and keeps those relations within the legal framework avoiding excessive employment benefits, which mean extra costs for the employer, and keeping employees’ job satisfaction high enough, if employees feel their rights are respected and their employer conducts fair employment policies.Two models of communicationIn actuality, communication plays an important part in the successful business development and maintenance of the effective human resource management. In this regard, it is possible to distinguish different communication models which are widely applied in contemporary organizations. One of such models is the Berlo’s Sender – Messenger – Channel – Receiver model. The Berlo’s model implies that the information is sent from the sender to the receiver but before the receiver gets the information or the message, the sender chooses the messenger that means that a person has to word in the message and choose the appropriate means of the transition of the message to the receiver (Peters, 2007). In such a way, the sender shapes the message and determines the messenger and, when the message is shaped, then th e sender chooses the channel through which he/she will send the message to the receiver. For instance, the sender of the information can use the verbal communication to send the message to the receiver. Alternatively, the sender can use non-verbal communication, for instance, when the sender gives a sign to the receiver and the receiver interprets the sign properly (Clarke, 2000). In fact, the sender can choose a variety of channels of communication and various forms to shape the message, especially today when the development of information technologies and telecommunication systems has reached the unparalleled level of development.Another model of communication that may be applied effectively to the human resource management is the transactional model of communication. The transactional model of communication involves the close interaction between participants of the communication (Schein, 1999). Unlike many other communication models, the transactional model of communication impli es the interaction between sender and receiver of the information which involves not only sending the message from the sender to the receiver but also the reception of the feedback from the receiver by the sender. In such a way, the sender of the message can trace the response of the receiver to the information sent and, thus, the sender can choose the further strategy of the communication.In case of human resource management both models can be applied successfully. However, managers should be aware of the fact that the effective communication is possible only when the communication is a two-sided process. This means that managers should not just communicate messages to their subordinates. Instead, they should learn to listen and hear what their subordinates respond them or try to communicate in their turn. In such a way, the communication can become effective only if the human resource manager is bale to be not only a sender but also a receiver of the information. In this regard, e ither of the two models mentioned above can be effective, but human resource managers should remember that they should choose the model of communication which matches their personal inclinations, their communication style, experience, knowledge and understanding of their subordinates, the overall organizational environment and many other factors that may affect the effectiveness of the communication. In such a way, the communication model should match the organizational environment, culture and personal traits of character and communication style of participants of the communication process. In such a way, the communication process in human resource management may be effective and successful. Otherwise, communication gaps between human resource managers and their subordinates may emerge.

Apple Inc Occupational Emergency Response Plan Research Paper

Apple Inc Occupational Emergency Response Plan - Research Paper Example Just as is the case within all other working environments, the ‘occupational emergency response plan’ is very relevant to the organization especially for such emergencies as injuries that would be sustained in the process of computer assembly as well as in operation of the machines during production. This paper therefore intends to develop an occupational emergency response plan for the Apple Inc organization as a mandatory and necessary tool within any working environment. The Apple Inc has a commitment to providing safe and secure working environment to its employees and as such takes any possible way to eliminate any hazard at work places in order to protect all people and in the process reduce the cases of illnesses or injuries at work place. For instance, within the suppliers ‘code of conduct’ of the organization, the organization’s commitment is to ensure all working conditions within the supply chain are safe and that employees are treated in a dignified manner as well as environmental safety is maintained for the well being of all (‘Apple Inc.’, 2009). The EPA as well as the OSHA has taken an active role in ensuring that organizations adopt an active role towards ensuring the safety of the working conditions within which their employees are. They require that organizations develop such occupational emergency response frameworks through which resources as well as specific responses towards particular situations are outlined and which often are refined regularly. Basic elements that are expected in a good response plan are up to date contacts of persons responsible for various duties within an organization in case of an emergency as well as ensuring that all departments as well as facilities work as stipulated within the plan to avoid confusion . Besides, it is as well necessary to stipulate resources to be used in case of such an emergency at work place (Hamel, 2012). The Apple Inc is obligated to have thoroughly trained response team personnel who would be set to offer immediate response in case of any emergency. The plan should sp ecifically outline the procedures and routes of escape in case of such an emergency as a fire, special assignments obligated on specific persons in response to any hazard and proper system through which employees will be accounted for after such a hazard. Besides, the plan should have a well stipulated mechanism of detection and communication of such a hazard as a fire within the working plant and immediate response procedures such as switching off the power mains. Therefore, the key elements that must be represented in an emergency plan within any organization are management structure, emergency responsibilities and assignments for emergencies as well as general procedures that employees should follow in cases of emergencies. This is because the main aim in developing the plan is to ensure that safety for employees within the organization is guaranteed against any hazard that faces the organization. Apple Inc occupational emergency response plan 1.0 Introduction: The following is a sample model of ‘Apple Inc occupational emergency response plan’ to a fire hazard. The organization’s activities in assembly and packaging of the computer systems occur within housing facilities, which are susceptible to fire outbreaks. Causes of such fires

Should Organisations Have a Mentoring Scheme for all Employees Essay

Should Organisations Have a Mentoring Scheme for all Employees - Essay Example According to Olian, Carol et al (2004), studies show that the age of the mentor and the work experience of the mentee has no effect on the relationship between the two. Mentoring at the organizational level Mentoring literally means to advise or train someone, but at organizational level, mentoring changes meaning. Mentoring at organization levels does not limit itself only to advising and training but to a complex system of employer and employee relationship involving notions of reflection, openness, uncertainty, complexity and restoration. Mentoring is being studied alone from decades, where mentoring in organization is relatively newer research. Mentoring is a precious tool for managing and bringing a change in any organisation. (Conway, 1995). It is also considered as an economical way of transferring knowledge from a specialist to a learner. (Bjorson & Dingsoryr, 2005) According to a research conducted by Trevor, more women proteges than men felt that their thinking and performa nce was inspired by mentoring. Functions of a Mentor The mentor’s role is to act as a guide, provide insight, and also advise a mentee in his/her department to reach the highest potential level. Mentors advise on the basis of their professional and personal experiences and guide the mentee on short/long term basis depending on the company’s policy. The mentee’s performance is not usually catered but through guidance, help and advice, the mentor helps the mentee to provide great insights, fast move learning, and also support and improve any drawback of the mentee. On-the-job relationships between employees and employers have been greatly focused in recent years and great emphasis has been laid. There are two types of mentoring; informal or formal in an organization. Informal developmental relationships occur naturally in the workplace between senior managers, lower managers and, subordinates or peers. A combination of assistance is provided through such relations hips such as feedback, role modelling, counselling, mentoring, coaching, and skill building. Thus it brings lasting benefits to an organization.( Singh, Bains  &Vinnicombe, 2002) However, with the passage of time, informal developmental relationships have declined. This decline is mainly due to changing demographics, introduction of technology, and intense competition. As informal relationships decline, there is a rise in formal mentoring called â€Å"formal developmental relationships†. These are distinguished from informal relationships by the fact that they are assigned, maintained, and monitored by the organization, usually through an established program. An employee can interact with senior manager, peer or external consultant in a formal relationship. Although, nowadays, most organization facilitate on creating and implementing programs that would help relationship between senior and junior managers to get better. This helps the communication, trust, and productivity to rise as both sides of managers feel part of one organization. (Douglas, 2003) Formal mentoring is widely being used in the organizations which are rapidly changing and becoming leaner in hierarchy. This type of mentoring helps in the personal and career development of employees. (Tabbron, Macaulay, Cook, 1997). Prof. Dr. Antal Arriene presented four case studies of formal mentoring

Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act Research Paper

Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act - Research Paper Example Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act, 2010 will go down in history as a major health care reform bill that has been signed into law. It has a comprehensive coverage that would see 31 million Americans currently uninsured getting a medical cover. If this new proposal, the government will incur approximately $848 billion over the next 10 years, consequently, there will be a gradual increase in taxes and revenue is proposed to reduce the total cost of this cover by $131 billion within the same period (Eaton 2010). The proposed reform aims at achieving a number of strategic healthcare goals. Firstly, it aims at ensuring that every US citizen can access, quality and affordable health care. In essence, this is an important component of the entire reform agenda. In light of the increasing burden of increasing burden of disease and skyrocketing prices of health care services, the government undertook this deliberate strategy to ensure that there is universal health care insurance cover age. Today, the majority of US citizens continues to battle with out-of-pocket financing, which is prohibitively expensive (Junior 2010). Secondly, it aims at improving quality and efficiency of healthcare by establishing a vibrant health care workforce that would meet the growing demand for healthcare services. In addition, there is a growing body of evidence showing an increase in the burden of chronic diseases, this proposed health care financing in its full implementation will see the middle and elderly persons receive a comprehensive cover that focuses on affordable health care services for chronic diseases. United States (2010) states that the Congressional Budget Office (CBO) has determined that the fully paid patient protection  scheme, in the end, will ensure that more than 94% of Americans will be covered within $900 billion limits set by President Obama.  

Critical review Article Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Critical review - Article Example The Hofstadter dimensions of culture can be used to analyses relationships across various studies, countries, and different continents (Samaha, 2014, pg, 83). For purposes of future theory, there is a need for four tenets that analyze the essence of culture impact on relationship marketing.42, 378 relationships were used in 144 studies where the continents were six across 29 countries. With the research, the method used in the first study the evidence showed that in support of the tenets that there is the importance of a variety of different cultures were it always varies. This can be explained where individualism and collectivism had effects in 114%- 169% that had an impact that was greater in RM than other cultural situations (Theodosiou,2013, pg 73). Masculinity to femininity had no effect on RM.The second research method of analysis uses the country and regional level approach to establish RM effects when it comes to performance especially out of United States.17%,15%,38% and 55% the RM was seen to be more effective in Brazil, Russia, India and China. This indicates that RM plays a primary role in mist developing countries of BRIC (Sium, 2013, pg 524). Cultural customization is required to establish and build customer relationships that are considered as effective strategies. The model used predicts there is a 150% dependency that builds strong relationships especially in Russia than other countries like United States. Relationship investments were 58% less in Russia was less effective than in USA. The second research method of country to regional approach established that culture influences greatly relationship construction rather than relationship outcomes. In business, a manager may analyze the efficiency of relationship marketing from objective performance outcomes in the countries or regions and may place more

Mac & Cheese Essay Example for Free

Mac Cheese Essay The article â€Å"Why Games are Good for You† by Steven Johnson presents reasons why electronic video games are not harmful. While other people have written and talked about the harms that video games bring to young people. , Steven Johnson argues just the opposite. He says that video games have many benefits including making us smarter. Steven Johnson begins his article by describing what the critics say about video games. First, they are a great waste of time says Dr. Spock. At their worst, they promote violent responses from children. The main argument about video games is that they take away from children reading. Then the author presents the reasons that reading is so good for people. However, the author then says that a lot of the criticism about video games is because they are being judged by old standards by people who believe reading is the main way for children to learn skills. He asks the reader to think of a world where video games came before books. Then he argues that the criticisms of books would look a certain way. The criticisms are the author’s way of showing benefits of video games, like they are three-dimensional, and they have strong visual images and sound. The user uses complex motor skills to navigate them. Also, he shows that the children interact with the games and can control what happens in them. Steven Johnson then shows that the arguments used against books in this made up situation are like the ones used for video games. They do not show the benefits of reading like using the imagination or the shared experience of reading the same story. The arguments against video games are limited also says the author. He says if you compare video games to books, then the games will not be judged well because the two are so different. Next, he talks again about the benefits of reading like concentration and making sense of words and meanings. After showing how reading brings many benefits, he then argues that some of the benefits of readings are found with video games. He says, â€Å"By almost all the standards we use to measure reading’s cognitive benefits—attention, memory, following threads and so on—the nonliterary popular culture has been steadily growing more challenging over the past thirty years† (485). Research is showing in the last few years that people who play video games regularly are gaining important skills. In fact, Steven Johnson argues that â€Å"Increasingly the nonliterary popular culture is honing different mental skills that are just as important as the ones exercised by reading books† (485). He provides examples of why he believes this. Steven Johnson does not agree with critics of video games who believe they are not only a waste of time for children, but can cause harm. Instead, he argues that video games provide many benefits and skills for children including motor skills, interaction with a narrative, a rich landscape of sounds and images and so forth. Other researchers are starting to agree that video games are providing some benefits. Steven Johnson believes that video games should be valued more, but he also suggests that reading is still important. The main point, though, is that parents and others should stop thinking that video games are all bad and appreciate the value they bring to the child.

Language And Communication Development

Language And Communication Development Initially, this essay illustrates the importance of play by describing its categories. Play theories are briefly demonstrated and divided into classical and contemporary ones. Thereafter, it mentions the characteristics of language through the theories of two highly respected scientists, Lev Vygotsky and Jean Piaget, in order to understand the correlation between language and play development. It also illustrates the existence of nine basic communication skills and why non-verbal and verbal communication is so important. Moreover, this essay analyzes research which explains the direct relation between play, language and communication. Through detailed references, the idea that the role of play is salient in a childs development is supported. Next it illustrates the importance of finger, mime and rhyme play to explain that even the most common games possess a significant role in language and communication development. Last but not least, it analyzes how play reinforces the literacy de velopment and finally demonstrates the opinion of the writer. The Importance of Play Arguably, play is a vital part of childrens development which has many implications in their lives. Despite the difficulty of referring to a commonly accepted definition, play is a vital part of the developing child (Sheridan Howard Aldelson, 2011). It is a fundamental action which occurs throughout childrens lives and is divided into two categories, free play and structured play. To be exact, free play is an action where the child can choose the rules and the form of play, without the participation and the engagement of an adult. Hence, the child becomes the leader of play (Tassoni Hucker, 2000). Moreover, many researchers have claimed that free play offers more educational opportunities to children. Whereas structured play is defined as an action which is directed by adults and limits childrens learning potentials. Adults are protagonists and possess a primary role in this type of play. For this reason, Thomas, Howard and Miles proved by a study they conducted, that free play, in other words playful mode play, is capable of fostering childrens ability to learn. They state that through this mode childrens communication is benefited, because playfulness creates the ability to enhance various types of behaviors. As a result, educational settings use the playful method to foster childrens language and communication development (McInnes Howard Miles Crowley, 2009). It is of importance to mention that there are play theories which are separated into two categories, classical and modern theories of play. In particular, classical theories consist of the Surplus Energy Theory, Recreational or Relaxation Theory, Pre-exercise Theory and the Recapitulation Theory of play (Sheridan Howard Aldelson, 2011 Stagnitti, 2004 Tassoni Hucker, 2000). Modern theories concluded by the Arousal Modulation Theories of Play, the Psychodynamic Theories of Play, the Cognitive Developmental Theories of Play and the Sociocultural theories of Play. The last category is divided into two sub-categories which are the Play as Socialization and the Metacommunicative Theory (Stagnitti, 2004). Moreover, there are five types of play, which are cited as physical play, play with objects, symbolic play, socio-dramatic/pretence play and games with rules (Whitebread, 2012). The above five types of play help children to expand their abilities not only in the language and communication domain, but also in the physical, cognitive, social and emotional domain (Sheridan Howard Aldelson, 2011). According to the constant evolution of language and communication, play and its benefits in this domain must be analyzed in depth, in order to evaluate childrens developmental potentials through play. Language and Communication Language is a strong communication tool (Moyles, 1989) which fosters childrens abilities. Through language we can live the past again, evaluate the future and use this vital tool when we face complex situations (Crain, 2000). Also, many developmental theorists have tried to explain, how children adopt primal abilities as they grow up and some of them, have given special emphasis to the language and communication development and how it is related to play. They have evaluated childrens development from birth to adulthood. Vygotsky, who was characterized as the Mozart of Psychology (Gray MacBlain, 2012, p.85), claimed in his social constructivism theory, that language is the cultural tool which facilitates the processes of thinking and learning. It was his firm belief that children must comprehend language, in order to interact in the society. Hence, according to Vygotsky, play and language are interrelated (Moyles, 2005). Due to the fact that through play children master communication skills, they interpret the use of objects and imitate the attitudes and the habits of adults (Gray MacBlain, 2012). In addition, he stated that children gain knowledge when they participate in social communication and consequently, they adopt new meanings. Therefore, according to Vygotsky, children act in the zone of proximal development (Whitebread, 1996), which means that every child has limited potential when accomplishing an activity but he can expand his skills with suitable help (Lindon, 2001). However, another respected scientist Piaget did not lay emphasis, as Vygotsky did, on the importance of language during childrens development. Piaget stated that language mechanism is used by the young child only to express some basic satisfactions and not to foster more complex functions such as thought and logic (Gray MacBlain, 2012). Furthermore, Piagets opinions did not promote childrens abilities; instead he undervalued them, by applying activities that were too complex for children competence (Whitebread, 1996). On the contrary, some scientists argue that childrens thought, starts to function logically as they learn how to use language. This happens because language skills are difficult for children to assimilate, but when this gradually occurs, logic develops (Crain, 2000). Nevertheless, Piaget did not support the above notion by mentioning that logic derives from actions (Gray MacBlain, 2012). On the grounds that language is an integral part of communication, it is important to pinpoint some of the skills that children develop in this domain. In other words there are nine basic communication skills. Initially, children learn to request reinforcement, to request assistance, to accept and reject offers. Furthermore, they respond to the order wait or no, they respond to directions, follow a schedule and finally they are able to make a transition from one place to another (Frost Bondy, 2002). For instance, when children pretend to be a patient in a hospital, they learn when they have to wait their turn in order to be examined by the doctor and they give orders such as wait, stay, come. Communication is a complex function. Before the emergence of words, children can communicate adequately before adopting language production and language comprehension (Sheridan Sharma Cockerill, 2008). The above aspect describes the non-verbal communication type which is very important. Newborn babies communicate non-verbally to express their needs. Facial expressions, body language, proto-sounds and perception of feelings are the attributes of non-verbal communication (Whitehead, 1999). Hence, adults start to communicate with children initially non-verbally and eventually verbally. Research proves that conversation between children and adults which contains a large number of open questions is essential because children have the opportunity to respond to spoken language. In other words, when children feel that they are active participants in an adult-child conversation, they feel playful which is salient for the development of language (Howard McInnes, forthcoming). Fostering Language and Communication Skills through Play To begin with, studies have proved that there is a strong connection between language and play. A research which was conducted in Japan in 1989, showed remarkable signs that play and language are strongly correlated. Specifically, the four children who participated in this research were observed twenty times each in a free play mode, where the adults had a passive role. The intention of the study was to analyze early language development and play development (Ogura, 1991). Thus, six features of language were illustrated in order to analyze the findings better. These were the emergence of first words, naming words, vocabulary spurts, word-chains, nonproductive two word utterances and the emergence of productive two-word utterances (Ogura, 1991 p.278). Furthermore, this research divided play into thirteen subcategories. The findings showed that children managed to obtain the ability of naming words because they had been involved in preverbal communication. Also, children began to name objects when the conventional naming act category of play appeared. Furthermore, words and sounds have a strong relationship with each other. It was proved that children through the functional relational manipulation play and the container relational manipulation play, managed to adopt the above important function and the production of first words as well. Moreover, it was stated that early language development is related to subsitutional play. Also, this study illustrated that the environment plays a major role in the development of symbolic play. As a result, language is influenced by social interaction. Moreover, childrens vocabulary spurts appeared in subsitutional play. Word-chains appeared when pretend doll play, subsitutional play and pretend other play took place during the observations. In addition, the fifth language category appeared with planned play and combinatorial symbolic play. The last language category was related to planned play (Ogura, 1991). Undoubtedly, this p aper shows the unique interrelation between language development and play. Researchers evaluated the connection between symbolic play with play materials and symbolic play with play situation. Firstly, during childrens play with unstructured play materials, they found that children who are at the age of three to four could imitate the activities of adults. However, in structured play children were able not only to imitate but also to engage slightly in role play. At the age of four to five childrens unstructured play evolved and they started to express questions and ideas with the mediate tool of spoken language. On the contrary, in structured play they used more conversation. This study showed that in the first type of play children at the age of five to six used their body language and voice to clarify a situation. Also, both in structured and unstructured play, children preferred to play in groups of their own gender. We can notice that structured materials are better for younger children because they do not put limitations on their ideas while playing. In other words, younger children need to enhance their expressive ideas by playing with structured play materials to be adequately prepared for school (Umek Musek, 2001). At the same time, symbolic play related to play situation showed that phonetic imitation (Umek Musek, 2001, p.61) is promoted and that at the age of four children use social speech. Moreover, they use social markers, in order to speak like adults (Ervin-Tripp, 1973). Later, at the age of five children use metacommunication in their play. Metacommunication is very important because children can discuss play. They stop in order to negotiate the next step of the game. Indeed, it promotes dialogue among peers. It is very important because it can be used as scaffolding to childrens language development (Andersen, 2005). According to this study, metacommunication levels are higher when children are older. Moreover, the same study proposes that it is better and more helpful for children to play in mixed groups rather than in groups with members of their own age. Hence, children can play in the zone of proximal development. Therefore, they foster their language and communication skills. Aga in, this study shows us that play which is dependent on materials or situation is correlated with language development. Apart from the above studies there are play activities which enhance language and communication skills. For instance, children are benefited by mime because they develop an alternative thought. This occurs by observing various children demonstrating their thoughts. Consequently, they can think of more complex situations and they are able to express their ideas with enriched vocabulary. Furthermore, finger play helps children with the counting process (Woodard Milch, 2012). Moreover, rhymes can provide many opportunities for children to enhance their language skills. According to a study, rhyme awareness helps children to recognize phonemes which are very important for reading skills. The sensitivity to rhyme enables children to group words together with the same spelling features (Bryant MacLean Bradley Crossland, 1990). Play Fosters Literacy Vygotsky evaluated the role of make-believe play in childrens development and he argued that literacy is enhanced by play. He describes that children initially act spontaneously when they play, and the process of learning happens with their will. On the contrary, when children go to school they must change their behaviors to a planned and a structured environment. Vygotsky stated that make-believe play is the important mediate tool for children to adopt written language and to succeed in school (Roskos Christie, 2007). Furthermore, drawing is considered to be a necessary play for children. Research has shown that children can expand their graphic vocabularies and they can represent their meanings, which means that through drawing communication is enhanced (Whitebread, 2012). Besides, Vygotskys research has shown that drawings in early childhood are connected with the ability of writing and spoken language, which means that the meaning of childrens drawings is not only the drawing as a picture but the drawing as an expressive tool of their thoughts (Roskos Christie, 2007). In conclusion, it is worth mentioning, that in childrens play the repetition and the renaming of play materials fosters the ability of the direct relation between words and the objects they portray. The above function is called metalinguistic awareness and it has been proved that it is necessary for written language (Roskos Christie, 2007 p.193). Conclusions It is clear, therefore, that the above essay illustrates the direct correlation between play, language and communication. Despite the fact that it has been proved that play fosters the learning process, there are still opponents of this view, who state that formal learning strategies are better than playful approaches. However, this essay contradicts the notion of formal learning methods by supporting the theory, that play does enhance language and communication by citing adequate bibliography to prove it. Children can reach high standards in the learning process of language because during play they are motivated and are not possessed by the feeling of fear (McInnes et al., 2009). To sum up, due to the fact that play has been decreased in school settings, it is salient to ensure that play must exist in preschool and in the first school years of a child, because a child is always above his average age, above his daily behavior; in play it is as though he were a head taller than himself (Roskos Christie, 2007, p.199).